KPMG Past Questions And Answers


96)

Recent studies have highlighted the harmful effects of additives in food (colors, preservatives, flavor enhancers etc.). There are no synthetic substances in the foods we produce at Munchon Foods – we use only natural ingredients. Hence you can be sure you are safeguarding your family’s health when you buy our products.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the contention of Munchon Foods?
 


The Best option is B
Explanation
Munchon’s contention is that buying their products safeguards health. To weaken that argument we can show that, for some reason, their foods might not be healthy. Munchon claims that the products are healthy because they contain only ‘natural ingredients’. But bacteria and molds are ‘natural’ as are certain poisons derived from plants! Hence the word ‘natural’ is no guarantee of healthful properties

97)

For years, a considerable number of students on West County High School's track team complained about shin splints (medial tibial syndrome). However, during the most recent season, the number of students who complained about shin splints dropped significantly. School officials assert that this reduction in complaints occurred entirely as a result of the school's decision to build a new running track that provided a softer running surface, which absorbed much of the shock on the knees and shins that occurs when running and causes shin splints.

Which of the following, if true, most severely weakens the school officials'
explanation for the decrease in complaints about shin splints?


Correct Answer: C
The school authorities argue that the new track "entirely" caused the reduction in "complaints" about shin splints. There are two important points about this argument.
(1) The argument of the school administrators is based upon a reduction in the number of complaints about shin splints, which is not the same as a reduction in the number of actual instances. It is entirely possible that students complain about shin splints and yet actually have other problems.
(2) The argument of the school administrators established a causal relationship (i.e., the new track caused the reduction). This is a much more assertive and broad claim than simply noticing that the two are correlated (i.e., occurred
together).
A. The argument made by West County High School officials is based upon the fact that "the number of students who complained about shin splints dropped significantly." This answer would weaken an argument that dealt with the number of diagnosed instances of shin splints. However, the school administrators make their argument only because of a reduction in the number of "claims."
B. This answer significantly strengthens the argument of the high school administrators by noting that other schools experienced a link between a new track and a decrease in claims about shin splints.
C. This answer calls into question the school's assertion that the new track was "entirely" responsible for the reduction in claims of shin splints. The answer does this through providing an alternative and viable (but not necessarily competing) explanation of the reduction in claims of shin splints.
D. The original argument pertains to complaints about shin splints in particular (not the number of students who "complained of pain while running"). This answer confuses complaints in general with complaints about shin splints in particular.
E. This answer strengthens the school officials' claim instead of weakening it as it provides more evidence that the new track helped decrease complaints of shin splints.

98)

Automation, the trademark of a modern economy, is essential to maximizing a country's economic production while minimizing its costs. Health care executives want to increase revenues while reducing costs. Consequently, they propose significantly greater automation of health care. Yet, this should be rejected. Radical automation of health care would cause patients to lose trust in the system as the health care they would receive would lack the in-person care that studies show patients desire.
Which of the following expresses the main point of the argument?
 


Correct Answer: A
When a question asks about the "main point," it is asking for the conclusion (i.e., thesis) of an argument. In answering this question, it is essential to separate the conclusion from the premises that support and lead up to the conclusion. The argument can be broken up sentence-by-sentence and dissected, enabling us to ascertain the role that each sentence plays in the overall argument. Breakdown by Argument There are five major points: n (1) automation maximizes profit (2) health care executives want to maximize profit (2b) as a result of 2, health care executives propose automation (3) 2b should be rejected (3b) reasoning for 2b being rejected is decline in quality of care Every point leads to and supports point 3, which is the conclusion of the argument. Breakdown by Sentence "Automation, the trademark of a modern economy, is essential to maximizing a country's economic production while minimizing its costs." This is a premise since it is used later to make a point (i.e., reject automation in health care). It is simply stated as a fact and does not draw on
other premises. "Health care executives want to increase profits while reducing costs." This is a premise since it is used later to make a point. It is simply stated as a fact and does not draw on other premises. "Consequently, they propose significantly greater automation of health care." Some students falsely assume that this is the main point. Although this statement does draw on the two aforementioned premises, it is not the conclusion because it is not the argument that the author is trying to make (as we shall see). "Yet, this should be rejected." This is the argument that the author is making and it is the main point. To see this, notice that all the statements before (and after) build on this statement. "Radical automation of health care would cause patients to lose trust in the system as the health care they would receive would lack the in-person care that studies show patients desire." This is a premise since it is evidence that the author is using to support the conclusion that automation should be rejected.
A. This is the main point or argument of the statement. The author indicates, "Yet, this should be rejected," where this refers to "significantly greater automation of health care."
B. The author argues against automation since it will "lack the in-person care that studies show patients desire." The argument is against automation, not for inperson care. In other words, "patients desire customized in-person care" is used as a premise to support the rejection of automation.
C. Although this is a possible inference that can be made by piecing together the premises, it is not the argument that is being advocated.
D. The statement says nothing about executives becoming too greedy. Automation "should be rejected" because it "would cause patients to lose trust in the system."
E. The statement says nothing about automation becoming inevitable. The author argues not for inevitability of automation of health care but rejection of excessive automation of health care.

99)

All those who wish to obtain government post must
I. Become personal associates of President Zamir
II. Be certified as politically sound by the Minister of Justice.
III. Purchase gold bullion at the National Bank.

 


To answer this question, check the chart to determine whether there is any step which is required by all routes to a government post. Since there is no such step, the correct answer is choice E. note that statement II is not correct; it is possible for a party member to avoid having to be certified by the Minister of Justice by donating 300 hours of service to the party instead.
The correct answer is (E).

100)

Which of the following correctly state(s) the procedure following by the search committee?
I. After the second interview, all applicants have appeared at least once
II. The committee sees each applicant a second time.
III. If a third session is held it is possible for all applicants to appear at least twice.
 


Since there are five applicants and three appear at each session after the second session all applicants must have made appearance (I).
In solving this puzzle, a flow chart indicating the various steps which can lead to a government post in Malabar will be useful. It might look something like this: