KPMG Past Questions And Answers


171)

Josh has twenty years of typing experience behind him; therefore, if you are looking for an efficient typist to enter your data into the new system, you need look no further.
The speaker assumes that

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
An assumption is an unstated premise. So we are looking for something that is implied in the argument, and if wrong, will undermine the argument. All that the speaker implies is that Josh is efficient because he has twenty years of practice, and so answer A is correct. Eliminate B because the word ‘identical’ is not implied. Eliminate C because we are talking about typing not the whole ‘job profile’. The argument claims that Josh is efficient but without defining efficiency we cannot assume that it involves both speed and accuracy, and certainly ‘outstandingly’ is not warranted. Nothing is implied about fitting into the office.
172)

The committee on sexual discrimination in the workplace has highlighted Supremo Company as a chief offender. Of the twenty senior executives in the firm, only one is a woman. And of the forty junior executives, only five are female. Supremo could best defend itself against the charges by showing that

Correct Answer: E
Explanation:
To defend itself against a charge of discrimination the company will have to show its selections were made on the basis of merit not sex. The best way to do that is to show that none of the women who were rejected had better qualifications than
the men who were appointed. Answer E implies just that but without specifying the sex of the rejected applicants.
173)

On the basis of the Big Bang theory scientists predicted levels of Helium- 3 in the universe that are ten times greater than the levels actually observed. According to the original model, Helium-3 is produced when lowmass stars burn up hydrogen and become ‘red giants’, as well as being produced in the Big Bang itself. Researchers have now produced a new model in which the Helium-3 produced by a red giant is pushed to the star’s interior and burnt up. Hence the Big Bang theory is no longer undermined by Helium-3 data.
The two portions in bold-face are related to each other in which of the following ways?

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Study each sentence carefully and decide whether it is a fact, and assumption or a conclusion. The first part in bold is a factual statement of a certain prediction. The second part in bold is a statement of the author’s view or position on the situation. A view or a position is another way of thinking about a conclusion. So, start with looking for answers that say the second is a conclusion. Now we can have a closer look at C and E. Since the first part is a factual statement, we cannot say that the author does not accept it, and we are left with C. The word ‘inconsistency’ is fine as the predicted amounts do not match with the observations.
174)

It is not unusual to see the ball fall into a black slot on a roulette wheel four times in a row. But for it to fall five or six times in a row into the same color is very unusual. Therefore you can win money by waiting for a run of five of the same color and then betting against that color.
If the roulette wheel in question is a fair wheel, which of the following observations or facts, if it were true, would best reveal a fallacy in the logic?

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
In critical reasoning questions many of the answer choices can be factually correct or reasonable sounding, and so eliminating without understanding the question is not possible. Your job is to find the best answer to the specific question, so read carefully. A fallacy in the logic is an error in the thinking behind the proposal. The person concludes that if you wait for a run of five of the same color and then bet against the color, you WILL win. Now the logic behind that suggests that the probability of getting that same color again is low. But just as tossing a fair coin always gives an even chance of a head or tail no matter what has gone before, the probability of getting a color is always the same no matter what has gone before.
175)

Sue: Commercial flights currently contribute more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere in one year than does the whole of Africa. If we want to reduce global warming we need to restrict the number of flights we take

Dave: Did you know that by taking one inter-continental flight you cause more pollution than you would in twelve months of car travel? Dave’s response to Sue’s comment serves to

Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
Since Dave’s comments don’t challenge what Sue says, we can eliminate answers E and C (mitigate = lessen). His comments reinforce what she says and so A sounds tempting but is wrong since Dave talks about pollution in general and
doesn’t mention carbon dioxide. Of the remaining choices, B is best since Dave does give information that suggests, like Sue, that we should take fewer flights. (D is incorrect mainly because Dave is not talking about the ‘effect’ of pollution. Note how careful you have to be that all the words in an answer are exactly right

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